
Jaipur, known as the "Pink City," is the capital of Rajasthan and one of India's most culturally vibrant cities. Its history is rich and fascinating, showcasing the architectural brilliance and vision of its founder, combined with the legacy of the Rajput rulers.
Founding of Jaipur
Jaipur was founded in 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber. The city was established as the new capital to accommodate the growing population and address the water scarcity in Amber, located about 11 km from Jaipur. Jai Singh II is celebrated not only as a ruler but also as an astronomer and town planner.
Planned City
Jaipur was one of the earliest planned cities in India. The design was guided by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, a Bengali architect and scholar of the Shilpa Shastra (Hindu treatise on architecture). The city was built following the principles of Vastu Shastra and Shilpa Shastra, with wide streets, uniform rows of shops, and a grid pattern layout divided into nine blocks.
The Pink Color
Jaipur earned the nickname "Pink City" when most of its buildings were painted terracotta pink in 1876 to welcome the visit of Prince Albert (the consort of Queen Victoria). The color symbolizes hospitality and remains a defining feature of the city today.
Rajput Legacy
The city was the seat of the Kachwaha Rajputs, who were known for their valor and strategic alliances. The rulers of Jaipur were staunch supporters of the Mughal Empire, and this alliance contributed to the city's prosperity and architectural heritage.